AfxGetMainWnd函数解惑

使用AfxGetMainWnd函数获取MFC程序中的主框架类指针是一个常用作法。但是你会发现这一做法有时也会失灵。不信, 你测试一下下面的代码:

unsigned __stdcall SecondThreadFunc( void* pArguments )   
{   
   CMainFrame* pMainWnd =  (CMainFrame*)AfxGetMainWnd();   
    if (NULL!=pMainWnd)   
    {   
        CView *pView = pMainWnd->GetActiveView();   
        if (NULL!=pView)   
        {   
            CDC *pDC = pView->GetDC();   
            ASSERT(NULL!=pDC);   
            pDC->TextOut(100,100,_T("来自线程的字符串"));   
            pView->ReleaseDC(pDC);   
        }   
    }   
    return 0;   
}   

void CMainFrame::OnTest1()   
{   
    // TODO: 在此添加命令处理程序代码   
    HANDLE hThread;   
    unsigned threadID;   
    hThread = (HANDLE)_beginthreadex( NULL, 0, &SecondThreadFunc, NULL, 0, &threadID );   
    // Destroy the thread object.   
    CloseHandle( hThread );   
}

unsigned __stdcall SecondThreadFunc( void* pArguments )
{
   CMainFrame* pMainWnd =  (CMainFrame*)AfxGetMainWnd();
 if (NULL!=pMainWnd)
 {
  CView *pView = pMainWnd->GetActiveView();
  if (NULL!=pView)
  {
   CDC *pDC = pView->GetDC();
   ASSERT(NULL!=pDC);
   pDC->TextOut(100,100,_T("来自线程的字符串"));
   pView->ReleaseDC(pDC);
  }
 }
 return 0;
}

void CMainFrame::OnTest1()
{
 // TODO: 在此添加命令处理程序代码
 HANDLE hThread;
 unsigned threadID;
 hThread = (HANDLE)_beginthreadex( NULL, 0, &SecondThreadFunc, NULL, 0, &threadID );
 // Destroy the thread object.
 CloseHandle( hThread );
}

运行OnTest1函数,你会发现客户区并没有打印"来自线程的字符串"。下面我们把线程函数变一下:

unsigned __stdcall SecondThreadFunc( void* pArguments )   
{
//   CMainFrame* pMainWnd =  (CMainFrame*)AfxGetMainWnd();   
   COwnerApp *pApp = (COwnerApp *)AfxGetApp();   
    CMainFrame* pMainWnd = (CMainFrame*) pApp->m_pMainWnd;   
    if (NULL!=pMainWnd)   
    {   
        CView *pView = pMainWnd->GetActiveView();   
        if (NULL!=pView)   
        {   
            CDC *pDC = pView->GetDC();   
            ASSERT(NULL!=pDC);   
            pDC->TextOut(100,100,_T("来自线程的字符串"));   
            pView->ReleaseDC(pDC);   
        }   
    }   
    return 0;   
}

unsigned __stdcall SecondThreadFunc( void* pArguments )
{
//   CMainFrame* pMainWnd =  (CMainFrame*)AfxGetMainWnd();
   COwnerApp *pApp = (COwnerApp *)AfxGetApp();
    CMainFrame* pMainWnd = (CMainFrame*) pApp->m_pMainWnd;
 if (NULL!=pMainWnd)
 {
  CView *pView = pMainWnd->GetActiveView();
  if (NULL!=pView)
  {
   CDC *pDC = pView->GetDC();
   ASSERT(NULL!=pDC);
   pDC->TextOut(100,100,_T("来自线程的字符串"));
   pView->ReleaseDC(pDC);
  }
 }
 return 0;
}

运行OnTest1函数,我们发现视图客户区出现了"来自线程的字符串"。接下来我们调试进去AfxGetMainWnd函数,发现AfxGetMainWnd函数如下:

_AFXWIN_INLINE CWnd* AFXAPI AfxGetMainWnd()   
    { CWinThread* pThread = AfxGetThread();   
        return pThread != NULL ? pThread->GetMainWnd() : NULL; }   
_AFXWIN_INLINE CWnd* AFXAPI AfxGetMainWnd()
 { CWinThread* pThread = AfxGetThread();
  return pThread != NULL ? pThread->GetMainWnd() : NULL; } 

由于AfxGetThread()函数返回为NULL,所以AfxGetMainWnd函数返回为NULL。为什么会这样呢?下面我提出我的猜想(本人暂时验证不了,仅起抛砖引玉的作用)。我估计是MFC在多线程中大量运用了TLS(线程本地存储)来保存某些状态,主框架窗口指针属于主线程的TLS(线程本地存储)保存的状态,但是应用程序类指针不属于TLS保存的状态,它可以在该进程的任何线程获取。

本文来自CSDN博客,转载请标明出处:http://blog.csdn.net/clever101/archive/2010/03/11/5372116.aspx

AfxGetMainWnd 函数

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