std::find,std::find_if使用小结
清泛原创
STL的find,find_if函数提供了一种对数组、STL容器进行查找的方法。使用该函数,需添加
#include <algorithm>
我们查找一个vector中的数据,通常用std::find(),例如:
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
int _tmain(int argc, TCHAR* argv[], TCHAR* envp[])
{
std::vector<std::string> vec;
vec.push_back("one");
vec.push_back("two");
vec.push_back("three");
//查找
std::vector<std::string>::iterator it = std::find(vec.begin(), vec.end(), "two");
if (it != vec.end())
printf("find:%s\n", it->c_str());
else
printf("not found.\n");
}
运行结果:
来个稍复杂点的例子,其他的可以类推,实现功能如下:
产品、账号多对多的关系,通过产品找到对应的账号列表。
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
typedef struct _ProductAccount
{
std::string Product;
std::string Account;
} ProductAccount;
typedef std::vector<ProductAccount> ProductAccountVec;
typedef struct finder_t
{
finder_t(std::string p):product(p)
{
}
bool operator()(ProductAccount p)
{
return (product.compare(p.Product) == 0);
}
std::string product;
} finder_t;
int _tmain(int argc, TCHAR* argv[], TCHAR* envp[])
{
ProductAccountVec vecProductAccount;
ProductAccount pa1 = {"p1", "a1"};
vecProductAccount.push_back(pa1);
ProductAccount pa2 = {"p2", "a1"};
vecProductAccount.push_back(pa2);
ProductAccount pa3 = {"p2", "a2"};
vecProductAccount.push_back(pa3);
ProductAccount pa4 = {"p1", "a3"};
vecProductAccount.push_back(pa4);
//通过产品查找账号(多对多的关系,所以有多个结果)
std::vector<string> vecAccount;
ProductAccountVec::iterator it = vecProductAccount.begin();
while((it = std::find_if(it, vecProductAccount.end(), finder_t("p1"))) != vecProductAccount.end())
{
vecAccount.push_back(it++->Account);
}
for(std::vector<string>::iterator it = vecAccount.begin(); it != vecAccount.end(); it++)
printf("%s\n", it->c_str());
return 0;
}
运行结果:上例中用到了find_if函数,并自己指定predicate function(即find_if函数的第三个参数,请查阅STL手册)。
find_if函数的定义:template<class InputIterator, class Predicate>
InputIterator find_if(InputIterator _First, InputIterator _Last, Predicate _Pred);
Parameters
_First
An input iterator addressing the position of the first element in the range
to be searched.
_Last
An input iterator addressing the position one past the final element in the
range to be searched.
_Pred
User-defined predicate function object that defines the condition to be
satisfied by the element being searched for. A predicate takes single argument
and returns true or false.
std::find std::find_if 类查找 字符查找
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